Museum "History of Physics in Bulgaria"
Dedicated to 110 years of academician Georgi Nadjakov


THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF GEORGI STEPHANOV NADSHAKOV IN THE DISCOVERY AND STUDYING OF THE PHOTOELECTRIC STATE


Emil Vulkov
Sofia Mathematical School “Paisii Hilendarski”, 10 class
argentum07@abv.bg


       The discovery of the photoelectrets may be defined as the most influential scientific achievement of G. S. Nadshakov. Through it our famous physicist gives a start to a new destination of physics’ studies in the high resistant materials. These are studies of electrets, which have purely electronic nature.

       G. S. Nadshakov was the first to suggest the usage of the depolarization electricity to be used in the study of the electretic load. To achieve this he uses innovative highly sensitive electrometric methodology. An important aspect of G. S. Nadshakov’s discovery is the fact that the dark photoelectric polarization is preserved for days. The notable Bulgarian physicist clearly distinguishes the photoelectric state and the ordinary photo polarization in photoconductors.

       Later, the infamous scientist forms his ingenious proposal regarding the possibilities of creating a photoelectetic condition under the action fo ionized emissions which was later confirmed.

       The second period in which the interest of G. S. Nadshakov again was directed towards the studies of the photoelectretic state was associated with his work after 1955. In the world literature in this period it is observed a dramatic increase of the publications that are somehow connected with the phenomenon mentioned. His students A.Antonov, N. Kashukeev, and St. Balatanov also work on studies in this field.

       Leading factors for the increase of the interest towards the photoelectrets in world scale are the discovered possibilities for practical application of the studies phenomenon. For the first time during the sixties the electrophotography over photoel;ectrets becomes reality. Their possibilities as information carriers are studied.

       G. S. Nadshakov’s interest towards the photoelectrets did not end during his lifetime. His studies of the photoelectretic state obtained under the action of x-rays, which are conducted in the solid body physics institute to BAS in the end of the sixtieth and the beginning of the seventieth are remarkable.


Address:
GEORGI NADJAKOV INSTITUTE OF SOLID STATE PHYSICS
Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
72 Tsarigradsko chaussee blvd.
BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
Phone: +359 2 979 58 31GSM +359 899 75 05 90
Fax: +359 2 975 36 32
E-mail: gkamish@issp.bas.bg
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Created: 3 October 2006
Updated: 1 October 2015